Bringing a new pharmaceutical product to the Indian market - or registering an imported API for use in Indian formulations - requires navigating a well-defined but complex regulatory pathway. This guide outlines the key steps in pharma raw material registration in India, covering CDSCO requirements, Drug Master Files (DMFs), and the role of regulatory affairs support.
Why Registration Matters
Under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 and the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945 (as amended through the New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules, 2019), any new drug - including an API not previously approved in India - requires a marketing authorisation from CDSCO before it can be commercially manufactured, imported, or sold. Getting this right the first time saves months of delay and significant cost.
Key Regulatory Bodies
India's pharmaceutical regulation is administered at two levels:
- CDSCO (Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation): The national regulator, under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, responsible for approving new drugs, clinical trials, import licences, and manufacturing licences for Schedule C and C1 drugs.
- State Drug Authorities: Each state has a Drug Controller who issues manufacturing licences under Forms 25, 25D, and 28, and retail/wholesale licences.
Drug Master File (DMF) for APIs
A Drug Master File (DMF) is a confidential submission to the regulatory authority containing complete technical information about the manufacture, characterisation, and quality controls of an API. In India, the DMF framework under CDSCO is modelled on ICH Q7 and WHO guidance. Key points:
- The API manufacturer submits the DMF; the formulation manufacturer (buyer) references it in their product dossier.
- The buyer receives a Letter of Access or Written Commitment that permits the regulatory authority to review the DMF on their behalf.
- DMFs must be updated whenever there is a change in manufacturing process, site, or specification.
- For imported APIs, the foreign manufacturer's DMF (or equivalent CTD Module 3) is required alongside CDSCO import approval.
Registration Pathway for New Drugs
The registration pathway depends on the type of product:
New Molecular Entities (NMEs)
NMEs require full Phase I-III clinical trial data under CDSCO's New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules. The dossier must follow Common Technical Document (CTD) format (ICH M4). This is a multi-year pathway requiring a Clinical Trial Authorisation (CTA) followed by a New Drug Application (NDA).
Known Drugs (Subsequent New Drug Applications)
For APIs that are already approved in major ICH jurisdictions (US, EU, Japan, Australia, Canada), a waiver of local clinical trial data may be available under Appendix I of the NDCTs Rules. The dossier requires full chemistry, manufacturing and controls (CMC) data, bridging bioequivalence studies, and reference product data.
Imported APIs for Use in Indian Formulations
To import an API not previously approved in India, you require: NOC from CDSCO for import; a valid import licence under Form 10; CoA from the foreign manufacturer; GMP certificate of the manufacturing site; and the DMF or equivalent. Sumsahi Kemicals manages this entire process for clients introducing new molecules into their Indian formulation pipeline.
Timeline Expectations
Regulatory timelines in India have improved significantly following digital reforms at CDSCO (Sugam portal). Approximate timelines as of 2025: Import licence (Form 10) renewal - 30-60 days; NOC for new API import - 60-120 days; New Drug Application (known drugs with waiver) - 9-18 months; New Molecular Entity (NME) - 3-7 years. Delays are common when dossiers are incomplete or queries from the regulator are not responded to promptly.
How Sumsahi Kemicals Supports Registration
Sumsahi Kemicals offers end-to-end regulatory support for clients introducing new raw materials into their supply chain:
- Coordinating DMF submissions and Letters of Access from overseas manufacturers
- Preparing and reviewing import licence applications
- Responding to CDSCO queries on behalf of clients
- Liaising with state drug authorities for manufacturing licence amendments
- Advising on ICH guidelines and CDSCO expectations for specific product categories
Compliance accuracy is a non-negotiable for us. Every registration submission we support is reviewed for completeness and regulatory accuracy before filing.